Baahinta tooska ah ee xafladda caleemo-saarka
Muddooyinkii hore cidda la socon kari jirtay xafladaha caleemo saarka madaxweynaha Maraykan waxa ay ahaan jirtay cid timid goobta ay ka dhacayso oo keliya, laakiin intii ka dambaysay sannadkii 1981kii arrintaasi waa ay is beddeshay, oo sannadkaas oo la caleemo saarayey madaxweyne Ronald Reagan ayaa noqday kii ugu horreeyey ee la fasaxay in xafladahan si toos ah looga daawado talefishannada loogalana socdo idaacadaha, xilliyadii u dambeeyeyna waxaa ku soo biiray in si toos ah loogala socdo Khadka Internet ka.
Khudbadda caleemo-saarka:
In kasta oo aanu dastuurka Maraykan madaxweynaha cusub ku qasbayn in uu khudbad ka jeediyo munaasabadda caleemo-saarkiisa, laakiin haddana madaxweynayaashu waa ay jeediyaan khdubaddaas oo uu bilaabay madaxweynihii ugu horreeyey ee Maraykanka George Washington.
Sannadkii 1953kii ayaa guddida Kongareeska ee wada-jirka ah ee diyaarinta munaasabadda caleemo-saarka madaxweynuhu waxa ay xafladda ku dareen in isla habeennimada maalintaas caleemo-saarka uu golahoodu casho sharaf xarunta Kongareeska ugu sameeyo madaxweynaha cusub, waxa aana caado ah in cashadaas laga dhigo cunto dhaqameedka laga isticmaalo gobalka Maraykan ee uu madaxweynuhu dhalasho ahaan ka soo jeedo.
Madaxweyne Jimmy Carter oo ahaa madaxweyihii 39naad ee Maraykanka, taladana hayey intii u dhexeysay 1977kiii illaa 1981kii ayaa ahaa ahaa madaxweynihii ugu horreeyey ee munaasabadda dhaarta kadib u kala lugeeya xarunta Kongareeska iyo guriga Cad ee Maraykanka. Laakiin teedadka amni ee isaga lagu ilaalinayo oo culays ku keenay muwaadiniinta caadiga ah awgeed siima uu socon dhaqankani.
Sannadkii 1877kiina madaxweynihii xilligaas la doortay ee Rutherford Hayes oo ahaa madaxweynihii 19naad ayaa bilaabay dhaqanka ah in madaxweynaha la dhaarinayaa inta aanu fagaaraha munaasabadda lagu qabanayo ee Kongareeska iman ku horreeyo guriga Cad oo uu halkaas kula kulmo madaxweynaha uu beddelayo, kulan u gaar ah labadooda kadibna ay iyaga oo wada socda iska soo raacaan Guriga Cad oo ay yimaaddaan fagaaraha munaasabaddu ka dhacayso.
Dhaqanno yaab leh oo lagu arkay qaar ka mid ah madaxweynayaasha Maraykanka:
Madaxweynaha hadda ee Donald Trump oo sida aynu hore u soo xusnay shakhsi aad loogu murmayo shakhsiyaddiisu, keli kuma’ aha muranka shakhsiyadda. Hortii waxa madaxweynenimada Maraykan dhadhamiyey 44 nin oo mid kastaa dhaqankiisa gaarka ah iyo dabeecadihiisa leeyahay. Qisadka madaxweynayaashaas qaarkood oo taariikhdu xaqiijinayso waxaa laga yaabaa in caqli hore u rumaysa kari waayo. Waxa aynu ka soo xusi karnaa:
– Waxaa ka mid ahaa madaxweyne ku xigeen xilka madaxweynaha qabtay markii uu dhintay madaxweynihiisii oo Guriga Cad ka dhigay sida beerta xayawaanka, oo ay ku nool yihiin xayawaanno kala duwan, aadna u tiro badan.
Calvin Coolidge ee oo isaga oo 61 jir ah sannadkii 23kii noqday madaxweynihii 30 ee Maraykanka waxa uu aad u jeclaa dhaqashada xayawaanka sidaa awgeed waxa uu Guriga Cad ku dhaqay xayawaanno aad u tiro badan oo kala duwan, kuwaas oo markii uu xilku ka dhammaaday badankoodii laga kaxeeyey Guriga Cad laguna wareejiyey beerta xayawaanka, laakiin badh ka mid ahi ay muddo Guriga Cad iskaga sii noolaayeen.
Calvin Coolidge waxa uu Guriga Cad ku dhaqay, Lix Ey, Bisad, libaaxyo, harimacad, Jeer, adhi, garanuugo, noocyo kala duwan oo shimbiraha ka mid ah, iyo xawaanno aan la soo koobi Karin oo isugu jira Duuur-joog iyo Dab-joog labadaba.
Muddadii uu xilka hayey Madaxweyne Coolidge oo ahayd Lix sano oo u dhexeeyey 1923 illaa 1929kii, waxa ugu badan ee cid kasta oo Guriga Cad booqataa arki jirtay bulshada iyo warbaahintuna aad u hadal hayn jirtay xayawaannada tirade badan ee uu Guriga Cad keenay, laakiin dabeecadihiisa yaabka lihi intaas uun kuma ay koobnayn ee waxaa sidoo kale jirtay dabeecad dhaqan xumo lagu tilmaami karo oo ahayd in uu aad ugu baasaa Khamaarka. Illaa heer uu gaadhay mar isaga oo madaxweyne ah in Khamaar uu ciyaaray laga helay oo laga dhammaystay wixii uu lacag lahaa, kadibna uu dhigay dhammaan maacuunkii Guriga Cad, weelkaas oo aan soo noqon ee dhammaantii lagaga helay khamaarka.
Abeesadii midabka cagaarnayd:
Madaxweyne Calvin Coolidge ma’ uu ahayn madaxweynihii keliya ee xayawaanno dadka dhibaato gaadhsiin kara keena Guriga Cad, oo waxa ay taariikhdu xusaysaa in sannadihii u dhexeeyey 1797 illaa 1801 uu guriga Cad ee Maraykanka ku noolaa mas weyn oo madaxweynihii Labaad ee Maraykanka John Adams la rafiiq ahaa muddadii uu xilka hayey.
Madaxweynihii 31naad ee Maraykanka, Herbert Hoover isaguna xilligii uu talada dalka hayey oo ahayd intii u dhexeysay 1929kii illaa 1933kii, waxaa beerta iyo bannaanada dambe ee Guriga Cad ee Maraykanka ku dhaqnaa Yaxaasyo uu wiilkiisa Alan Henry keenay guriga Cad.
Alice Roosevelt oo ahayd gabadh uu dhalay madaxweynihii 26naad ee Maraykanka Theodore Roosevelt ayaa iyaduna guriga Cad ee Maraykanka keentay abeeso weyn oo kula noolayd muddadii uu aabaheed xilka hayey oo ahayd intii u dhexeysay 1901 illaa 1909kii. Alice oo markii aabaheed xilka qabtay da’deedu ahayd 17 sano jir, La soco………….
